Asthma a respiratory disorder?
Asthma is an airway condition that has fastly increased in
prevalence over the last couple of decades. This may be due to the increase in
pollution, toxins and triggers in our environment.
However, with the increase in prevalence there is an increased motivation to find treatments to relieve and cure asthma. Presently asthma is incurable and treated by medications and pharmaceuticals that are required for the rest of the patient's life. Conventional medicine although effective at reducing inflammation and temporarily dilating the airways, has a potential risk for side effects. Additionally, there is no long-term solution with bronchodilators and asthma inhalers..Treatment and Control.There is no cure for asthma. Aim of management is to achieve control of the disease. This includes the following:· Prevent chronic and recurrent symptoms like nocturnal coughing
·
Reduce the use of medications
·
Maintenance of lung function
·
Maintenance of regular activities
·
Preventing severe asthmatic attacks requiring hospital stays or
visits to the Emergency Room
Practical tips to control asthma:·
Control other conditions that can aggravate asthma
·
Avoid known allergens
·
Maintain an active lifestyle
The asthma action plan should include the medications regime,
avoidance of triggers, tracking of asthma attacks, and actions to be taken if
asthmatic symptoms become more severe despite treatment. Eg When to proceed to
the Hospital Emergency Department for treatmentMedications for AsthmaAsthmatic medications can be broadly divided into medications
that exert long term control and medications that provide rapid relief from
asthmatic symptoms.
Both types of medications aim at reducing airway inflammation to control asthma.Initial treatment depends on how severe your asthma is. Follow up treatment depends on how well the patient follows the asthma action plan and how effective the action plan is.Note though that the asthma action plan will vary with changes in your lifestyle and social environment because different social exposures result in exposure to different allergens in your environment.
Asthma Action PlanEvery Asthma Action plan should be crafted to the individual patient. The plan should include the medication regime, avoidance of triggers, tracking of asthma attacks and actions to be taken should symptoms of asthma become progressively severe.It is best to work with your primary physician to draft your asthma action plan. The plan should describe all the above in detail.
In the case of children, parents and caregivers should know the child's asthma action plan. This should include babysitters, workers at day care centers, parents, schools and organizers of outdoor children activities.Avoidance of TriggersAn entire multitude of allergens have been documented to be linked to asthma. To the individual patient, the most important thing is to know what triggers asthma in you. Following that, know what steps to take when asthma is triggered.
Medications for AsthmaPlease consult with your primary physician for medications suitable for control of your asthma. Your primary physician will adjust the dose of medications as needed. If you have self adjusted the dose, you must inform your primary physician on your next visit.Generally speaking, medications for asthma can either be in the form of a pill, an injectable, or as a nebulized drug consumed via use of an inhaler. Nebulized drugs are inhaled directly into the lungs where it exerts its effects.
Please note that use of inhalers will require a certain technique and should be taught by a doctor or a trained health care provider.Medications targeting Long Term ControlChronic asthmatics will need medications to achieve long term control of their asthma. These medications work slowly and reduces airway inflammation.
Inhaled CorticosteroidsInhaled corticosteroids are most commonly used for long term control of asthma. They act by reducing inflammation in the airways of the lungs. Use of inhaled corticosteroids daily will greatly reduce the severity and frequency of symptoms.The most common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids is oral thrush. Use of a spacer when using the inhaled corticosteroid can reduce the incidence of oral thrush. Check with your primary physician if you are unsure of how to use a spacer. Simple rinsing of the mouth after cosuming inhaled corticosteroids can also reduce the incidence of oral thrush.Other long term medications:These include:· Cromolyn - This drug prevents airway inflammation and is used as a nebulized drug delivered via an inhaler.
·
Omalizumab - This drug is a form of immunotherapy and acts
against Immunoglobulin E (anti-IgE) which triggers narrowing of airways. This
medication is usually given as an injection once or twice a month and prevents
the immune system from reacting to triggers of asthma. It is, however, not a
first line treatment for asthma and might not be offered upfront by your
primary physician.
·
Inhaled long-acting beta2-agonists - These medications are
usually taken together with inhaled corticosteroids to achieve a synergistic
effect on expanding the lumen of the lung airways.
Rapid Acting MedicationsShort acting Beta 2 - Agonists are usually the first line
medications in this group. They are often delivered in the nebulized form
through an inhaler. They act by relaxing the muscles in the airways, thereby
allowing more air passage through.Rapid acting medications should be consumed as soon as symptoms
appear.Should the medication be required for more than 2 days a week,
you should inform your doctor to formulate more strategies for your asthma
action plan.Documentation of Asthma ProgressionRegular use of the peak flow and regular visits to your primary
physician will be the primary means of documenting progression of Asthma.As a rule of thumb, asthma is well controlled if:·
Symptoms occur no more than 2 days a week
·
Symptoms do not disturb sleep more than twice a month.
·
There are no limitations to your daily activities.
·
Quick-relief medicines are required less than 2 days a week.
·
Less than one severe asthma attack a year requiring oral
steroids
·
Peak Flow Meter readings remain at 80% of baseline level
| Asthma a respiratory disorder? |
However, with the increase in prevalence there is an increased motivation to find treatments to relieve and cure asthma. Presently asthma is incurable and treated by medications and pharmaceuticals that are required for the rest of the patient's life. Conventional medicine although effective at reducing inflammation and temporarily dilating the airways, has a potential risk for side effects. Additionally, there is no long-term solution with bronchodilators and asthma inhalers..Treatment and Control.There is no cure for asthma. Aim of management is to achieve control of the disease. This includes the following:· Prevent chronic and recurrent symptoms like nocturnal coughing
Both types of medications aim at reducing airway inflammation to control asthma.Initial treatment depends on how severe your asthma is. Follow up treatment depends on how well the patient follows the asthma action plan and how effective the action plan is.Note though that the asthma action plan will vary with changes in your lifestyle and social environment because different social exposures result in exposure to different allergens in your environment.
Asthma Action PlanEvery Asthma Action plan should be crafted to the individual patient. The plan should include the medication regime, avoidance of triggers, tracking of asthma attacks and actions to be taken should symptoms of asthma become progressively severe.It is best to work with your primary physician to draft your asthma action plan. The plan should describe all the above in detail.
In the case of children, parents and caregivers should know the child's asthma action plan. This should include babysitters, workers at day care centers, parents, schools and organizers of outdoor children activities.Avoidance of TriggersAn entire multitude of allergens have been documented to be linked to asthma. To the individual patient, the most important thing is to know what triggers asthma in you. Following that, know what steps to take when asthma is triggered.
Medications for AsthmaPlease consult with your primary physician for medications suitable for control of your asthma. Your primary physician will adjust the dose of medications as needed. If you have self adjusted the dose, you must inform your primary physician on your next visit.Generally speaking, medications for asthma can either be in the form of a pill, an injectable, or as a nebulized drug consumed via use of an inhaler. Nebulized drugs are inhaled directly into the lungs where it exerts its effects.
Please note that use of inhalers will require a certain technique and should be taught by a doctor or a trained health care provider.Medications targeting Long Term ControlChronic asthmatics will need medications to achieve long term control of their asthma. These medications work slowly and reduces airway inflammation.
Inhaled CorticosteroidsInhaled corticosteroids are most commonly used for long term control of asthma. They act by reducing inflammation in the airways of the lungs. Use of inhaled corticosteroids daily will greatly reduce the severity and frequency of symptoms.The most common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids is oral thrush. Use of a spacer when using the inhaled corticosteroid can reduce the incidence of oral thrush. Check with your primary physician if you are unsure of how to use a spacer. Simple rinsing of the mouth after cosuming inhaled corticosteroids can also reduce the incidence of oral thrush.Other long term medications:These include:· Cromolyn - This drug prevents airway inflammation and is used as a nebulized drug delivered via an inhaler.
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